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Union of Burma or Union of Myanmar
National name: Pyidaungsu Myanmar Naingngandau
Head of State (Chairman): Senior Gen. Than Shwe (1992)
Area: 265,039 sq. mi. (678,500 sq. km)
Population (1999 est.): 48,081,302 (average annual rate of natural increase: 1.61%); birth rate: 28.5/1000; infant mortality rate: 76.3/1000; density per sq. mi.: 184
Capital: Rangoon (Yangon)
Largest cities (est. 1983): Rangoon (Yangon), 2,458,712; Mandalay, 532,895
Monetary unit: Kyat
Languages: Burmese, minority languages
Ethnicity/race: Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Mon 2%, Indian 2%, other 5%
Religions: Buddhist 89.5%, Christian 4.9%, Muslim 3.8%, Hindu 0.05%, Animist 1.3%
Literacy rate: 81%
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (1998 est.): $56.1 billion; $1,200 per capita. Real growth rate: 1.1%. Inflation: 50%. Arable land: 15%. Agriculture: paddy rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses, hardwood. Unemployment: n.a. Labor force: (FY 95/96 est.), 18.8 million; agriculture, 65.2%; industry, 14.3%; trade, 10.1%; government, 6.3%; other, 4.1% (FY 88/89 est.). Industry: agricultural processing, textiles and footwear, wood and wood products, copper, tin, tungsten, iron, construction materials, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer. Natural resources: petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas. Exports $940 million (1997): pulses, beans, teak, rice, rubber, hardwood. Imports $2.2 billion (1997): machinery, transport equipment, construction materials, food products, consumer goods. Major trading partners: India, Singapore, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Japan, Malaysia.
