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Republic of Chad
National name: République du Tchad
President: Lieut. Gen. Idriss Déby (1990)
Prime Minister: Nagoum Yamassoum (1999)
Area: 495,752 sq. mi. (1,284,000 sq. km)
Population (1999 est.): 7,557,436 (average annual rate of natural increase, 2.65%); birth rate: 43.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 115.3/1000; density per sq. mi.: 15
Capital and largest city (1993): N'Djamena, 529,555
Monetary unit: Franc CFA
Languages: French and Arabic (official), more than 100 tribal languages
Ethnicity/race: North and center: Muslims (Arabs, Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba); South: non-Muslims (Sara [the largest ethnic group, 25% of the population], Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa)
Religions: Islam, 44%; Christian, 33%; traditional, 23%
Literacy rate: 30%
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (1998 est.): $7.5 billion; $1,000 per capita. Real growth rate: 2.9%. Inflation: 15% (1997 est.). Unemployment rate: n.a. Arable land: 3%. Agriculture: cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca), cattle, sheep, goats, camels. Labor force: n.a.; in agriculture, 85%. Industries: cotton textiles, meat packing, beer brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials. Natural resources: petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish. Exports: $220 million (f.o.b., 1998 est.): cotton, cattle, textiles. Imports: $252 million (f.o.b., 1998 est.): machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles. Major trading partners: Portugal, Germany, Thailand, Costa Rica, South Africa, France, Nigeria, Cameroon, India.
