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United Mexican States
Official name: Estados Unidos Mexicanos
President: Ernesto Zedillo (1994)
Area: 761,600 sq. mi. (1,972,550 sq. km)
Population (1999 est.): 100,294,036 (average annual rate of natural increase: 2.02%); birth rate: 25/1000; infant mortality rate: 24.6/1000; density per sq. mi.: 132
Capital and largest city: Mexico City: city proper (1990 census) 8,235,744; metro. area (1996 est.) 16,908,000
Other large cities (1995): Guadalajara, 2,178,000; Monterrey, 1,702,000; Ecatepec, 1,456,438 (part of Mexico City metropolitan area); Nezahualcóyotl, 1,259,543; Puebla, 1,222,177
Monetary unit: Peso
Languages: Spanish, Indian languages
Ethnicity/race: mestizo (Indian-Spanish) 60%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian 30%, Caucasian or predominantly Caucasian 9%, other 1%
Religions: nominally Roman Catholic, 97%; Protestant, 3%
Literacy rate: 87%
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (1998 est.): $815.3 billion; $8,300 per capita. Real growth rate: 4.8%. Inflation: 18.6%. Unemployment: 2.6% (1998) urban; plus considerable underemployment. Arable land: 12%. Agriculture: corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products. Labor force: (1998) 37.5 million; services 28.8%, agriculture, forestry, hunting, and fishing 21.8%, commerce 17.1%, manufacturing 16.1%, construction 5.2%, public administration and national defense 4.4%, transportation and communications 4.1%. Industries: food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism. Natural resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber. Exports: $117.5 billion (f.o.b., 1998): crude oil, oil products, coffee, silver, engines, motor vehicles, cotton, consumer electronics. Imports: $111.5 billion (f.o.b., 1998): metal-working machines, steel mill products, agricultural machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts. Major trading partners: U.S., Canada, Japan, Spain, Chile, Brazil, Germany, South Korea, Italy, France.
