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Republic of Turkey
National name: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
President: Süleyman Demirel (1993)
Prime Minister: Bülent Ecevit (1999)
Area: 300,947 sq. mi. (incl. 9,121 in Europe) (780,580 sq. km)
Population (1999 est.): 65,599,206; average annual rate of natural increase 1.57%; birth rate: 20.9/1000; infant mortality rate: 35.8/1000; density per sq. mi.: 218
Capital (1996 est.): Ankara, 2,890,025
Largest cities: Istanbul: city proper (1996 est.) 8,203,329; metro. area (1995 est.) 7,817,000; Izmir, 1,920,807; Adana, 1,010,363; Bursa, 949,810; Gaziantep, 683,557
Monetary unit: Turkish lira
Language: Turkish
Ethnicity/race: Turkish 80%, Kurdish 20%
Religion: Islam (mostly Sunni), 98%
Literacy rate: 81%
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (1997 est.): $388.3 billion; $6,100 per capita. Real growth rate: 7.2%. Inflation: 99% (1997). Unemployment: 5.9%, plus another 5.1% underemployed. Arable land: 32%. Agriculture: cotton, tobacco, cereals, sugar beets, fruits, olives, pulses, citrus, livestock. Labor force: 21.6 million; agriculture, 43.1%; services, 30%; industry, 14.4%; construction, 6% (1995) (note: in 1994 about 1.5 million Turks worked abroad). Industry: textiles, food processing, mining, steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper. Natural resources: coal, chromite, copper, borate, sulfur, petroleum. Exports: $26 billion (f.o.b., 1997): agricultural products, textiles, leather, glass, iron, steel, foodstuffs. Imports: $46.7 billion (f.o.b., 1997): machinery, raw materials, fuels, foodstuffs, fertilizer, chemicals. Major trading partners: EU, U.S., Russia.
